A buffer solution contains a conjugate acid – base pair with both the acid and base in reasonable concentrations. The acidic component reacts with added strong bases. The basic compenen reacts with added strong acids. A buffer solution is one which resists changes in pH when small quantities of an acid or an alkali are added to it.
Acidic buffer solutions
An acidic buffer solution is simply one which has a pH less than 7. Acidic buffer solutions are commonly made from a weak acid and one of its salts - often a sodium salt.
Alkaline buffer solutions
An alkaline buffer solution has a pH greater than 7. Alkaline buffer solutions are commonly made from a weak base and one of its salts.
source from :
General Chemistry, whitten
http://www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/acidbaseeqia/buffers.html
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